Enablers and inhibitors associated with the willingness to participate in child safety initiatives
Abstract
Safety is a priority in South Africa, a country with amongst the highest recorded rates of violence and injury, with children a vulnerable group. The greatest opportunities for reducing the burden of violence and injury amongst children lies in the prevention of harmful environments and situations. Information on the psychosocial inhibitors and enablers of child safety promotion interventions are required to enhance and assure the efficacy of interventions. The determination of context-specific information is expected to be of considerable benefit to community uptake and impact of safety interventions. The primary aim of this study is to determine the factors that enable or inhibit the willingness to participate in child safety interventions. This qualitative study is located in a historically marginalised and under-resourced community consisting of low-cost government housing and backyard dwellings and situated 4km outside of Strand in the Western Cape, South Africa. Eleven interviews were conducted with long standing community members who had either attended, had knowledge on, or experience of child safety initiatives conducted in their community. The study utilised a thematic analysis within a Person-Process-Context-Time theoretical framework. The findings indicate that willingness to participate is influenced by multiple and interconnected enablers and inhibitors. The personal, relational and environmental factors included: muted individual agency (comprised of hopelessness and struggling alone, scepticism, and experiences of daily living struggles); community care provision (limited community connectedness, care and concern for children, and neighbourliness); and structural, physical and social constraints (competing priorities, unequal power relations, and physical community impediments)
References
References
Adams, S., & Savahl, S. (2015). Children’s perceptions of the natural environment: South African perspective. Children’s Geographies, 13(2), 196-211.
Adams, E. J., & Sherar, L. B. (2018). Community perceptions of the implementation and impact of an intervention to improve the neighbourhood physical environment to promote walking for transport: a qualitative study. BMC public health, 18(1), 714-728.
Ahmed, R., Seedat, M., Van Niekerk, A., & Bulbulia, S. (2004). Discerning community resilience in disadvantaged communities in the context of violence and injury prevention. South African Journal of Psychology, 34, 386-408.
Alvidrez, J., Nápoles, A. M., Bernal, G., Lloyd, J., Cargill, V., Godette, D., … Farhat, T. (2019). Building the Evidence Base to Inform Planned Intervention Adaptations by Practitioners Serving Health Disparity Populations. American journal of public health, 109(S1), S94–S101.
Ayoub, J. J., Abiad, M., Forman, M.R., MINA Collaborators, Honein-AbouHaidar, G., & Naja, F. (2018). The interaction of personal, contextual, and study characteristics and their effect on recruitment and participation of pregnant women in research: A qualitative study in Lebanon. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18, 155. doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0616-5.
Babbie, E., & Mouton, J. (2001). The practice of social science research (9th impression). South Africa: Oxford University Press.
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
Beebe, T.J., Harrison, P.A., Sharma, A., & Hedger, S. (2001). The Community Readiness Survey: Development and initial validation. Evaluation Review, 25, 55-71.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2), 77-101.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The bio-ecological model of human development. In R. M. Lerner & W. Damon (Eds.), Theoretical models of human development. Vol. 1 of the handbook of child psychology (5th ed., pp. 793-828). New York: Wiley.
Bulbulia, A. S., & Van Niekerk, A. (2012). Sustainable safety volunteerism in the Strand,
Western Cape: Volunteer identity, motivation and socio-organisational experiences. African Safety Promotion Journal, 10(2), 51-63.
Cenfetelli, R.T. (2004). Inhibitors and Enablers as Dual Factor Concepts in Technology Usage. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 5(11-12), 472-492.
Durlauf, S. N., & Fafchamps, M. (2005). Social capital [internet]. In P. Aghion & S. Durlauf (Eds.), Handbook of economic growth (Vol 1, pp. 1639-1699). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Edwards, R. W., Jumper-Thurman, P., Plested, B. A., Oetting, E. R., & Swanson, L. (2000). Community readiness: Research to practice. Journal of Community Psychology, 28, 291-307.
Emmet, T. (2003). Social disorganisation, social capital and violence prevention in South Africa. African Safety Promotion: A Journal of Injury and Violence Prevention, 1(2), 4-18.
Gregson, J., Foerster, S.B., Orr, R., Jones, L., Benedict, J., Clarke, B., … Zotz, A.K. (2001). System, Environmental, and Policy Changes: Using the Social-Ecological Model as a Framework for Evaluating Nutrition Education and Social Marketing Programs with Low-Income Audiences. Journal of Nutrition Education, 33(1), s4-s15. Retrieved from DOI:10.1016/S1499-4046(06)60065-1
Henández, P. (2002). Resilience in families and communities: Latin American contribution from the psychology of liberation. The Family Journal: Counselling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 10, 334-343.
Hopp, F. P., Woodbridge, P., Subramanian, U., Copeland, L., Smith, D., & Lowery, J. (2006). Outcomes associated with a home care telehealth intervention. Telemedicine Journal-Health, 12, 297-307.
Ihde, D., (2007). Listening and Voice: Phenomenologies of Sound. 2nd ed. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Isaacs, S. A., & Savahl, S. (2014). A qualitative inquiry investigating adolescents' sense of hope within a context of violence in a disadvantaged community in Cape Town. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(2), 269-278.
Author (forthcoming). Title omitted for blind review.
Author (date). Title omitted for blind review.
Kafaar, Z. (2015). Predicting adolescent willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials: The role of sensation seeking. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lesch, A., Kafaar, Z., Kagee, S., & Swartz, L. (2006). Community members’ perceptions of enablers and inhibitors to participation in HIV vaccine trials. South African Journal of Psychology, 36(4), 734-761.
Leviton, L.C. (2017). Generalizing about public health interventions: A mixed-methods approach to external validity. Annual Review of Public Health, 38, 371-391.
Lochman, J. E. (2000). Parent and family skills training in targeted prevention programs for at-risk youth. Journal of Primary Prevention, 21(2), 253-265.
Madon, S., Malecela, M.N., Mashoto, K., Donohue, R., Mubyazi, G., & Michael, E. (2018). The role of community participation for sustainable integrated neglected tropical diseases and water, sanitation and hygiene intervention programs: A pilot project in Tanzania. Social Science & Medicine, 202(C), 28-37.
Mayosi, B.M., Lawn, J.E., van Niekerk, A., Bradshaw, D., Abdool Karim, S.S., & Coovadia, H.M. (2012). Health in South Africa: changes and challenges since 2009. Lancet, 380, 2029-2043.
Miles, M.B., & Huberman, M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
Mosavel, M., Ahmed, A., Ports, K.A., & Simon, C. (2015) South African, urban youth narratives: resilience within community, International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 20(2), 245-255, DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2013.785439
Northern Ireland Assembly. (2010). Barriers to sports and physical activity participation. Research Paper 18/10. Northern Ireland: Research and Library Services. Retrieved from http://archive.niassembly.gov.uk/researchandlibrary/2010/1810.pdf
Ogunrin, O., Woolfall, K., Gabbay, M., & Frith, L. (2018). Relative solidarity: Conceptualising communal participation in genomic research among potential research participants in a developing sub-Saharan African setting. PLoS ONE, 13(4), e0195171
Parkes, J. (2007). The multiple meanings of violence: Children’s talk about life in a South African neighbourhood. Childhood, 14(4), 401-414.
Peden, M., Oyegbite, K., Ozanne-Smith, J., Hyder, A A., Branche, C., Fazlur Rahman, A. K. M., … Bartolomeos, K. (2008). World report on child injury prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund.
Polizzi, D.M., & Gottfredson, D. C. (2003). Differentiating completers from non-completers of a family-based prevention program. Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(2), 111-124.
Samuel, K., & Uwizeyimana, J. B. (2017). Social connectedness and poverty eradication: A South African perspective. Global Challenges, Working Paper Series, No. 2. Norway: University of Bergen.
Savahl, S., Malcolm, C., Slembrouk, S., Adams, S., Willenberg, I., & September, R. (2015). Discourses on well-being. Child Indicators Research, 8(4), 747-766.
Seedat, M., Van Niekerk, A., Jewkes, R., Suffla, S., & Ratele, K. (2009). Violence and injuries in South Africa: Prioritising an agenda for prevention. Lancet, 374, 1011-22.
Sleet, D. A. (2018). The Global Challenge of Child Injury Prevention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), 1921-1928.
Social connectedness. (n.d.). Definitions.net. Retrieved October 30, 2019, from https://www.definitions.net/definition/social+connectedness.
Spoth, R., & Redmond, C. (2000). Research on family engagement in preventive interventions: Toward improved use of scientific findings in primary prevention practice. Journal of Primary Prevention, 21(2), 267-284.
Stallinga, H. A., Dijkstra, P. U., Bos, I., Heerkens, Y. F., & Roodbol, P. F. (2014). The ambiguity of the concept of participation in measurement instruments: operationalization of participation influences research outcomes. Clinical Rehabilitation, 28(12), 1225–1236.
Subramanian, U., Hopp, F., Lowery, J., Woodbridge, P., & Smith, D. (2004). Research in home-care telemedicine: Challenges in patient recruitment. Telemedicine Journal and e-Health, 10, 155-161.
Swartz, S., Harding, J. H., & De Lannoy, A., (2012). Ikasi style and the quiet violence of dreams: a critique of youth belonging in post-Apartheid South Africa. Journal Comparative Education, 48(1), 27-40.
Swartz, L., Kagee, A., Lesch, A., Kafaar, Z., Fincham, D., & Ntlemeza, B. (2006). Community members’ perceptions of enablers and inhibitors to participation in HIV/AIDS vaccine trials. Stellenbosch, South Africa: Sociobehavioural Group, South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative. (Commissioned by Masikhulisane, the community preparedness programme of the South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative).
Taliep, N., Lazarus, S., Cochrane, J., Olivier, J., Bulbulia, S., Seedat, M., Swanepoel, H., & James, A. (On-line January 2020). Community asset mapping as a strategy for developing an interpersonal violence prevention program. Action Research. 1-23. Available https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1476750319898236
Tchombe, T. M. S., Shumba, A., Lah Lo-oh, J., Gakuba, T. O., Zinkeng, M., & Teku, T. T. (2012). Psychological undertones of family poverty in rural communities in Cameroon: Resilience and coping strategies. South African Journal of Psychology, 42, 232–242.
Tudge, J. R. H., Mokrova, I., Hatfield, B. E., & Karnik, R. B. (2009). Uses and misuses of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory of human development. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 1, 198-210.
Van Niekerk, A., & Ismail, G. (2013). Barriers to caregiver involvement in a child safety intervention in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology, 43(4) 470-481.
Van Niekerk, A., Seedat, M., Kramer, S., Suffla, S., Bulbulia, S., & Ismail, G. (2014). Community, intervention and provider support influences on implementation: Reflections from a South African illustration of safety, peace and health promotion. BMC Public Health, 14(2) S7.
Webb, C. (1999). Analysing qualitative data: Computerized and other approaches. Journal of Advance Nursing, 29(2), 323-330.
World Health Organization. (2001). The World Health Report: 2001. Mental health: New understanding, new hope. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/whr01_en.pdf?ua=1
Zavaleta, D., Samuel, K., & Mills, C. (2016). Measures of Social Isolation. Social Indicators Research, 131(1), 367-391.
Full Text: PDF
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.