How Populists Use Religion(s). A Comparative Study on Italy and France
Abstract
References
Akkerman A., C. Mudde and A. Zaslove (2014), “How Populist Are the People? Measuring Populist Attitudes in Voters”, Comparative Political Studies, 47(9): 1324–1353.
Akkerman T., S.L. De Lange and M. Rooduijn (2016), Radical Right-Wing Populist Parties in Western Europe: into the mainstream?, Abingdon: Routledge.
Albertazzi D., A. Giovannini and A. Seddone (2018), “’No Regionalism Please, We are Leghisti!’ The Transformation of the Italian Lega Nord under the Leadership of Matteo Salvini”, Regional & Federal Studies, 28(5): 645–671.
Albertini D., D. Doucet (2013), Histoire du Front National, Paris: Tallandier.
Alduy C., S. Wahnich (2015), Marine Le Pen prise aux mots. Décryptage du nouveau discours frontiste, Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
Almeida D. (2017), “Exclusionary Secularism: The Front National and the Reinvention of Laïcité”, Modern and Contemporary France, 25(3): 249–263.
Amengay A., D. Stockemer (2018), “The Radical Right in Western Europe: A Meta-Analysis of Structural Factors”, Political Studies Review, 17(1): 30–40.
Apahideanu I. (2014), “Religious Populism: The Coup de Grâce to Secularization Theories”, South-East European Journal of Political Science, 2(1–2): 71–100.
Arzheimer K., E. Carter (2009), “Christian Religiosity and Voting for West European Radical Right Parties”, West European Politics, 32(5): 985–1011.
Aslanidis P. (2018), “Populism as a Collective Action Master Frame for Transnational Mobilization”, Sociological Forum, 33(2): 443-464.
Bailey T., M.D. Driessen (2017), “Engaging Post-Secularism: Rethinking Catholic Politics in Italy”, Constellations, 24(2): 232–244.
Becker, H. S. (1963). Outsiders: Studies in the sociology of deviance, London: Free Press Glencoe.
Benford R.D. (1997), “An Insider's Critique of the Social Movement Framing Perspective”, Sociological Inquiry, 67(4): 409-430.
Benford R.D., D.A. Snow (2000), “Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment”, Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 611-639.
Betz H.G., S. Meret (2009), “Revisiting Lepanto: the Political Mobilization against Islam in Contemporary Western Europe”, Patterns of Prejudice, 43(3–4): 313–334.
Bizeul Y. (2020), “Between Catholic Traditionalism and Laïcité: The Religious Dimension in Thought and Action of the Front National in France”, in Hennig A., M. Weiberg-Salzmann (eds.), Illiberal Politics and Religion in Europe and beyond. Concepts, Actors, and Identity Narratives, Frankfurt: Campus.
Björnehed E., J. Erikson (2018), “Making the Most of the Frame: Developing the Analytical Potential of Frame Analysis”, Policy Studies, 39(2): 109–126.
Bolzonar F. (2020), “A Catholic Far-Right Party in Italy? How the Lega Nord Rediscovered Catholicism and Anti-Gender Politics”, in Hennig A., M. Weiberg-Salzmann (eds.), Illiberal Politics and Religion in Europe and beyond. Concepts, Actors, and Identity Narratives, Frankfurt: Campus.
Bossi U., D. Vimercati (1993), Il Vento dal Nord, Milan: Club degli Editori.
Bourgeois M.P. (2016), Rose Marine. Enquête sur le FN et l’homosexualité, Paris: Editions du Moment.
Brubaker R. (2017), “Between Nationalism and Civilizationism: the European Populist Movement in Comparative Perspective”, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(8): 1191–1226.
Caiani M., D. Della Porta (2011), “The Elitist Populism of the Extreme Right: A Frame Analysis of Extreme Right-Wing Discourses in Italy and Germany”, Acta Politica, 46(2): 180–202.
Caiani M., P.R. Graziano (2016), “Varieties of Populism: Insights from the Italian Case”, Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica, 46(2): 243–267.
Caiani M., T. Carvalho (2021), “The Use of Religion by Populist Parties: the Case of Italy and its Broader Implications”, Religion, State and Society, 49(3): 211-230.
Carnac R. (2020), “Imaginary Enemy, Real Wounds: Counter-movements, ‘Gender Theory’, and the French Catholic Church”, Social Movement Studies, 19(1): 63–81.
Cavadi A. (2012), Il Dio dei leghisti, Cinisello Balsamo: San Paolo.
Chelini-Pont B. (2010), “Is Laicité the Civil Religion of France?”, George Washington International Law Review, 41(4): 765–816.
Cremer T. (2018), “The Religion Gap: Why Right-Wing Populists underperform among Christian Voters and what this means for the Role of the Church in Society”, LSE Religion and Global Studies Blog.
Cremer T. (2021), “The Rise of the Post-Religious Right: Christianism and Secularism in the French Rassemblement National”, Party Politics, 29(1): 40-50.
Dargent C. (2016), “Les catholiques français et le Front national”, Études, 12: 19–30.
Davie G. (2007), “Vicarious religion. A Methodological Challenge”, in Ammerman N.T. (eds.), Everyday Religion. Observing Modern Religious Lives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 21–36.
Davies P. (2010), “The Front National and Catholicism: from integrisme to Joan of Arc and Clovis”, Religion Compass, 4(9): 576–587.
DeClair E.G. (1999), Politics on the Fringe: The People, Policies, and Organization of the French National Front, Durham: Duke University Press.
DeHanas D.N., M. Shterin (2018), “Religion and the Rise of Populism”, Religion, State & Society, 46(3), 177– 185.
Diamanti, I. (2009), Mappe dell’Italia politica. Bianco, rosso, verde, azzurro… e tricolore, Bologna: Il Mulino.
Donovan M. (2003), “The Italian State: no longer Catholic, no longer Christian”, West European Politics, 26(1): 95–116.
Durkheim, E. (1915), The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life: A Study in Religious Sociology, London: Macmillan.
Entman R.M. (1993), “Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm”, Journal of Communication, 43(4): 51–58.
Farris S.R. (2012), “Femonationalism and the "Regular" Army of Labor Called Migrant Women”, History of the Present, 2(2): 184-199.
Finnemore M., K. Sikkink (1998), “International Norm Dynamics and Political Change”, International Organization, 52(4): 887-917.
Flybvjerg B. (2016), “Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research”, Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2): 219- 245.
Forlenza R., B.S. Turner (2019), “Das Abendland: The Politics of Europe’s Religious Borders”, Critical Research on Religion, 7(1): 6-23.
Garbagnoli S. (2017), “Italy as a Lighthouse: Anti-Gender Protests between the ‘Anthropological Question’ and National Identity”, in Kuhar R., D. Paternotte (eds.), Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe, London: Rowman & Littlefield, 151–173.
Gerring J. (2017), “Qualitative Methods”, Annual Review of Political Science, 20(1): 15-36.
Giorgi A. (2019), “Religion and Political Parties. The Case of Italy”, in Haynes J. (eds.), The Routledge Handbook to Religion and Political Parties, Abingdon: Routledge, 238–248.
Giorgi A. (2021), “Hijack or Release? On the Heuristic Limits of the Frame of Instrumentalization of Religion for discussing the Entanglements of Populism, Religion, and Gender”, Identities. Global Studies in Culture and Power, 29(4): 483-499.
Goffman E. (1986), Frame Analysis. An Essay on the Organization of the Experience, Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Guolo R. (2011), Chi impugna la croce? Lega e Chiesa, Bari: Laterza.
Habermas, J. (2008), “Notes on Post-Secular Society”, New Perspectives Quaterly, 25(4): 17-29.
Hafez, F. (2014), “Shifting borders: Islamophobia as common ground for building pan-European right-wing unity”, Patterns of Prejudice, 48 (5): 479–499.
Haynes J. (2020), “Right-Wing Populism and Religion in Europe and the USA”, Religions, 11(10): 1-18.
Heinisch R.C., O. Mazzoleni (2017), “Analysing and Explaining Populism: Bringing Frame, Actor and Context Back In”, in Heinisch R.C., C. Holtz-Bacha and O. Mazzoleni (eds.), Political Populism. A Handbook, Baden- Baden: Nomos, 105–122.
Hesová Z. (2019), “The Paradoxes of a Return of Religion to Public Debates and Political Discourses”, in Blagojević M., M. Todorović (eds.), Traditional and Non.Traditional Religiosity, Belgrade: Institute of Social Sciences and YSSSR.
Huntington S.P. (1996), The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Ignazi P. (2018), I partiti in Italia dal 1945 al 2018, Bologna: Il Mulino.
Immerzeel T., E. Jaspers and M. Lubbers (2013), “Religion as Catalyst or Restraint of Radical Right Voting?”, West European Politics, 36(5): 946–968.
Gellner E., G. Ionescu (1969), Populism: its meanings and national characteristics, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
IFOP (2017), Le vote des électorats confessionnels au 1er tour de l’élection présidentielle, Paris: IFOP.
ITANES (2019), Vox Populi. Il voto ad alta voce del 2018, Bologna: Il Mulino.
Kapetanovic A. (2020), “The Brave Women of Kruscica: What Can a Struggle for a River Mean? A framing perspective of the Kruscica movement”, Term paper.
Lavizzari A., M. Prearo (2018), “The Anti-Gender Movement in Italy: Catholic Participation between Electoral and Protest Politics”, European Societies, 21(3): 422–442.
Le Pen M. (2011), A contre flots, Paris: Grancher.
Lindekilde L. (2014), “Discourse and Frame Analysis: In-depth Analysis of Qualitative Data in Social Movement Studies”, in della Porta D. (eds.), Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 195–228.
Marcinkiewicz K., R. Dassonneville (2022), “Do Religious Voters Support Populist Radical Right Parties? Opposite Effects on Western and East-Central Europe”, Party Politics, 28(3): 444-456.
Marzouki N., McDonnell D. and O. Roy (2016), Saving the People: How Populists Hijack Religion, London: C. Hurst & Co Publishers.
Mayer N. (2013), “From Jean-Marie to Marine Le Pen: Electoral Change on the Far Right”, Parliamentary Affairs, 160–178.
Mayer N. (2016), “Les constantes du vote FN”, Revue Projet, 354(5): 11-14.
Mayer N. (2017), “Les électeurs du Front National (2012-2015), in Gougou, F., V. Tiberj (eds.). La déconnexion électorale, Paris: Fondation Jean-Jaurès, 69-76.
McDonnell D. (2016), “Lega Nord: The New Saviour of Italy”, in Marzouki N., D. McDonnell and O. Roy (eds.), Saving the People: How Populists Hijack Religion, London: C. Hurst & Co Publishers.
Miccoli G. (2012), “Chiesa e Lega Nord”, Studi storici, 1, 237–244.
Micklethwait J., A. Wooldridge (2009), God Is Back: How the Global Revival of Faith is Changing the World, London: Allen Lane.
Minkenberg M. (2018), “Religion and the Radical Right”, in Rydgren J. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right, Oxford: Oxford University Press: 523–560.
Misje I. (2018), Quelle laïcité? Analyse de l’adaptation de Marine Le Pen d’un concept républicain, Oslo: University of Oslo.
Molle A. (2019), “Religion and Right-Wing populism in Italy: using ‘Judeo-Christian roots’ to kill the European Union”, Religion, State & Society, 47(1): 151–168.
Morieson N. (2017), “Are Contemporary Populist Movements Hijacking Religion?”, Journal of Religious and Political Practice, 3(1-2): 88–95.
Morieson N. (2021), Religion and the Populist Radical Right: Secular Christianism and Populism in Western Europe, Wilmington: Vernon Press.
Mudde C. (2007), Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mudde C., C. Rovira Kaltwasser (2017), Populism. A very short introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nilsson P.E. (2015), “Secular Retaliation: A Case Study of Integralist Populism, Anti-Muslim Discourse, and (Il)liberal Discourse on Secularism in Contemporary France”, Politics, Religion & Ideology, 16(1): 87–106.
Norocel C., A. Giorgi (2022), “Disentangling Radical Right Populism, Gender, and Religion: An Introduction”, Global Studies in Culture and Power, 29(4): 417-428.
Ochoa-Espejo P. (2017), “Populism and the Idea of the People”, in Rovira Kaltwasser C., P. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo and P. Ostiguy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ozzano L. (2021), “Populism and Religion in the Lega’s Discourse and Policies”, in Tournier-Sol K., M. Gayte (eds.), The Faces of Contemporary Populism in Western Europe and the US, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ozzano L., F. Bolzonar (2020), “Is Right-wing Populism a Phenomenon of Religious Dissent? The Cases of the Lega and the Rassemblement National”, International Journal of Religion, 1(1): 45–59.
Oztig L.I., T.I. Gurkan and K. Aydin (2020), “The Strategic Logic of Islamophobic Populism”, Government and Opposition, 56(3): 1–19.
Pace E. (2007), “Religion as Communication: The Changing Shape of Catholicism in Europe”, in Ammerman N.T. (eds.), Everyday Religion. Observing Modern Religious Lives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 37–49.
Passarelli G. (2015), “Populism and the Lega Nord”, in Jones E., G. Pasquino (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Italian Politics, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 224–239.
Passarelli G., D. Tuorto (2018), La Lega di Salvini. Estrema destra di governo, Bologna: Il Mulino.
Perrineau P. (2014), La France au Front: Essai sur l'avenir du Front National, Paris: Fayard.
Perrineau P. (2017), Cette France de gauche qui vote Front national, Paris: Seuil.
Pickel G. (2013), “The Situation of Religion in Germany—Comeback of Religiosity or Increasing Secularism?”, in Pickel G., O. Hidalgo (eds.), Religion und Politik im vereinigten Deutschland. Was bleibt von der Rückkehr des Religiösen?, Wiesbaden: Springer, 65-101.
Pirro A.L.P. (2015), The Populist Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe. Ideology, Impact, and Electoral Performance, Abingdon: Routledge.
Portier P. (2020), “Neo-Nationalism and Religion in France, in Religion and Neo-Nationalism in Europe”, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgeselscahft mbH & Co, 255-272.
Raison du Cleuziou Y. (2014), Qui sont les cathos aujourd’hui? Sociologie d’un monde divisé, Paris: Desclée de Brouwer.
Raison du Cleuziou Y. (2016), “Dans le monde catholique, la relative banalisation du vote FN”, Revue Projet, 354: 47-48.
Reynié D. (2021), Le XXIe siècle du christianisme, Paris: Cerf.
Rose R., W.J.M. Mackenzie (1991), “Comparing Forms of Comparative Analysis”, Political Studies, 39(3): 446-462.
Roy O. (2016), “Front National: from Christian Identity to Laïcité”, in Marzouki N., D. McDonnell and O. Roy (eds.), Saving the People: How Populists Hijack Religion, London: C. Hurst & Co Publishers, 79-93.
Rydgren J. (2010), “Radical Right-Wing Populism in Denmark and Sweden: Explaining Party System Change and Stability”, SAIS Review, 30: 57-71.
Salvini M., M. Pandini and R. Sala (2016), Secondo Matteo. Follia e coraggio per cambiare il Paese, Milan: Rizzoli.
Sartori G. (1976), Parties and Party Systems. A Framework for Analysis, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sartori G. (1991), “Comparing and Miscomparing”, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 3(3): 243-257.
Schwörer J., X. Romero-Vidal (2020), “Radical Right Populism and Religion: Mapping Parties’ Religious Communication in Western Europe”, Religion, State and Society, 48(1): 4-21.
Scrinzi F. (2017), “A ‘New’ National Front? Gender, Religion, Secularism and the French Populist Radical Right”, in Kottig M., R. Bitzan and A. Petö (eds.), Gender and Far-Right Politics in Europe, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 127–140.
Snow D.A., B. Rochford, S.K. Worden and R.D. Benford (1986), “Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation”, American Sociological Review, 51(4): 464–481.
Snow D.A., R.D. Benford (1988). “Ideology, Frame Resonance, and Participant Mobilization”, International Social Movement Research, 1: 197–217.
Spini D. (2018), “Dio del popolo e popolo di Dio. Appunti sul rapporto tra populismo e religione”, in Anselmi M., P. Blokker and N. Urbinati (eds.), Populismo di lotta e di governo, Milan: Feltrinelli, 66–80.
Stavrakakis Y. (2002), “‘Religious Populism and Political Culture: The Greek Case”, South European Society and Politics, 7(3): 29–52.
Stockemer D. (2017), The Front National in France. Continuity and Change Under Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen, New York: Springer International Publishing.
Tarrow S. (2013), The Language of Contention: Revolutions in Words, 1688–2012, New York: Cambridge University Press.
Tillin L. (2013), “National and Subnational Comparative Politics: Why, What and How”, Studies in Indian Politics, 1(2): 235-240.
Vliegenthart R., L. Van Zoonen (2011), “Power to the Frame: Bringing Sociology Back to Frame Analysis”, European Journal of Communication, 26(2).
Xia W. (2017), Christian Religiosity and Support for Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, University of Tilburg, 2017.
Yilmaz I., Morieson N. (2021), “A Systematic Literature Review of Populism, Religion and Emotions”, Religions, 12(4): 272.
Yilmaz I., Morieson N. and M. Demir (2021), “Exploring Religions in Relation to Populism: A Tour around the World”, Religions, 12(5): 301.
Yin R.K. (2017), Case Study Research and Applications. Design and Methods (6th ed.), Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publishing.
Zúquete J.P. (2017), “Populism and Religion”, in Rovira Kaltwasser C., Taggart P., P. Ochoa Espejo and P. Ostiguy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Full Text: PDF
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.